Introduction: Why Cybersecurity Matters for Pakistan
As the world becomes digital, Pakistan must safeguard systems like government records, electricity, banks, and hospitals. Cybersecurity is no longer just a technological concern; it is a matter of national security. In today’s interconnected world, even a single breach can disrupt entire cities or compromise military preparedness.
Islam emphasises the importance of trust (amanah) and the need to safeguard the community’s well-being. As guardians of public assets, the government must shield people from both physical and digital harm. Protecting data and systems is a form of modern-day amanah.
Pakistan’s Cybersecurity Landscape
In 2024, Pakistan was ranked in the top tier (Tier 1) out of 194 countries in the UN’s Global Cybersecurity Index, as compiled by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
According to a report from CSO Pakistan, an Israel-based cybersecurity firm, Check Point, found that phishing attacks in Pakistan increased by 18% in 2024 compared to 2023.
Major attacks have already cost Pakistan millions:
- A March 2024 audit revealed that approximately 7 million Pakistani citizens had their data compromised between 2019 and 2023, with breaches traced to NADRA’s offices in Karachi, Multan, and Peshawar.
- Pakistani authorities issued Advisory No. 22 of 2022, warning that ransomware had shut down significant parts of the FBR’s online tax systems for several days.
These attacks don’t just harm reputations—they delay services, compromise national security, and erode public confidence.
Critical Areas at Risk
- Defence and Intelligence: Systems employed by armed forces and security agencies must be impregnable.
- Banking and Finance: Digital banking, stock exchanges, and mobile wallets are frequent targets.
- Public Utilities: Water, power, and transport systems can be paralyzed by cyberattacks.
- Healthcare Systems: Hospitals depend on digital records—hacks here can cost lives.
Islamic Principles and Digital Protection
Islam encourages ihsan—excellence in one’s work—and hikmah—wisdom. Building strong cybersecurity reflects both. Just as cities need walls, the digital nation needs firewalls and well-trained defenders.
The Quran reminds us: “Do not betray the trust” (Surah Al-Anfal, 8:27). Cybersecurity helps preserve national trust in leadership, systems, and institutions.
Steps Pakistan Must Take
- Make a strong national cybersecurity team:
Pakistan already has some cybercrime units, but we need a central authority with full powers to collectively safeguard all sectors.
- Train Cyber Warriors:
Pakistan needs to train thousands of ethical hackers and digital defence experts. Scholarships, boot camps, and university programmes should be introduced in collaboration with the private sector.
- Mandate Security Audits:
Pakistan has some cybercrime teams, but we need a single, unified team with full authority to protect everything more effectively.
- Promote Public Awareness:
Simple security habits—such as using strong passwords and avoiding phishing links—can prevent up to 80% of attacks. Media, mosques, and schools can help spread this awareness.
- Strengthen Legal Frameworks:
Existing laws, such as PECA 2016, must be updated with clearer penalties and rules for public sector breaches.
- Encourage Islamic Fintech Security:
As more people in Pakistan utilise Islamic banking and apps, we must ensure these systems remain protected from online threats.
Global Partnerships and Local Leadership
Pakistan’s progress in cybersecurity has been led by the Ministry of IT and Telecom (MoITT), PTA, and other key stakeholders. Significant initiatives include the Cyber Security Policy, CERT Rules, CTDISR, a national strategy, and regular audits.
The establishment of the National Telecom SOC and CERT has improved incident response and collaboration. These initiatives, together with telecom operators adopting international standards, have reinforced Pakistan’s cyber defences. MoITT and PTA remain committed to building a secure and resilient digital environment.
The SIFC article highlights Pakistan’s growing focus on strengthening its digital and cybersecurity infrastructure.
It describes efforts to strengthen cyber resilience through joint training initiatives, technology sharing, and robust public-private partnerships.
These initiatives seek to reduce the country’s reliance on foreign systems and establish secure, locally managed digital networks. Cyber defence cannot occur in isolation. Pakistan should collaborate more closely with countries like China, Turkey, and Malaysia, which are already developing robust digital systems.
China
In early 2025, Pakistan’s cabinet approved an MoU with China focused on cybersecurity cooperation. It includes joint research, training programs, threat intelligence sharing, and coordinated cyber drills, demonstrating a formal and structured partnership.
Turkey
As early as 2018, Turkey assisted Pakistan in establishing a specialised cyber unit. Turkish cyber experts were deployed in Islamabad, and these efforts have continued informally, indicating a deep level of cyber cooperation.
Malaysia
In late 2022, Pakistan and Malaysia agreed to continue discussions on 5G and cybersecurity, with a focus on regulatory frameworks and shared collaboration.
By collaborating with these countries, Pakistan is adopting innovative strategies—from formal MoUs to expert exchanges—that enhance national cyber security and decrease dependence on single solutions.
A Proactive and Peaceful Cyber Policy
Pakistan has consistently promoted peace, including in cyberspace. We must safeguard our networks while refraining from becoming aggressors. Our priorities should focus on justice, protection, and progress rather than digital conflict.
As the Prophet ﷺ said, “A Muslim is one from whose hand and tongue others are safe” (Bukhari). In today’s age, this includes being safe from digital harm, too.
Conclusion: Securing Our Digital Future
Pakistan’s cybersecurity isn’t just about preventing hacks—it’s about safeguarding our people, services, and sovereignty. As threats increase, so must our defences.
Through Islamic values, strategic planning, and public cooperation, Pakistan can establish a secure and respected digital presence. This is not just a sound policy; it is our religious and national obligation. Let us rise to the challenge with unity, wisdom, and excellence.
